By: Joseph Horowitz Spoliation is the failure to preserve evidence. Parties to a lawsuit may not alter, destroy or conceal evidence. The penalties for spoliation can be harsh – such as striking a pleading, dismissal of an action, an adverse inference jury instruction or monetary penalties against the spoliator. This article...

Just as many businesses have been affected by COVID-19, homeowners associations, or HOAs, are also feeling the impact as shelter in place orders limit their ability to meet and make important business decisions – including how to protect residents during the pandemic. While meetings are canceled or postponed in response to...